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244 lines
8.8 KiB
Python
244 lines
8.8 KiB
Python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""屏幕捕获：为「实时屏幕镜像」和「单次截屏」提供 JPEG 帧。
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只使用 Pillow（已随程序打包），不引入额外依赖。
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"""
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from __future__ import annotations
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import io
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import sys
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import threading
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import time
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IS_WINDOWS = sys.platform.startswith("win")
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class ScreenError(RuntimeError):
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pass
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def _grab_error_text(error: Exception) -> str:
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"""把抓屏失败翻译成人话。
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锁屏是最常见的失败原因（离开电脑就会锁），
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而且 Windows 锁屏时**不给抓屏**，报的是 OSError: screen grab failed。
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直接透传这句用户看不懂，所以这里给出可操作的提示。
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"""
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text = str(error).lower()
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if "screen grab failed" in text or "grab" in text:
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return ("抓屏失败：电脑现在锁屏了（或没有桌面会话）。"
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"请先解锁屏幕再试。")
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return f"抓屏失败: {error}"
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class ScreenCapturer:
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"""抓屏并编码为 JPEG。线程安全（内部串行化）。"""
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def __init__(self, max_width: int = 960, quality: int = 72, monitor: int = 1,
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dedup: bool = True):
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self.max_width = int(max_width)
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self.quality = int(quality)
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self.monitor = int(monitor)
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# 画面没变就不重复编码（见 grab_jpeg）
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self.dedup = bool(dedup)
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self._lock = threading.RLock()
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self._last_size = (0, 0)
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self._last_digest = None
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# ------------------------------------------------------------------
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def available(self) -> bool:
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try:
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import importlib
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importlib.import_module("PIL.ImageGrab")
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return True
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except Exception:
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return False
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def grab_jpeg(self, force: bool = False) -> tuple[bytes, int, int]:
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"""抓一帧，返回 (jpeg 字节, 宽, 高)。"""
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if not IS_WINDOWS:
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# macOS 也可用 ImageGrab；其他平台给出明确错误
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pass
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try:
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from PIL import Image, ImageGrab
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except ImportError as exc: # pragma: no cover
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raise ScreenError("缺少 Pillow，无法抓屏") from exc
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with self._lock:
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try:
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image = ImageGrab.grab()
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except Exception as exc: # noqa: BLE001
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raise ScreenError(_grab_error_text(exc)) from exc
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if image.mode not in ("RGB", "L"):
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image = image.convert("RGB")
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width, height = image.size
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if self.max_width and width > self.max_width:
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ratio = self.max_width / float(width)
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new_size = (self.max_width, max(1, int(height * ratio)))
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image = image.resize(new_size, Image.BILINEAR)
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width, height = image.size
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# 画面没变就不编码。
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# 用 32x18 的小缩略图做指纹：算一次只要 0.1ms 左右，
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# 但能省掉 17ms 的 JPEG 编码和之后的传输。
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# 手表看静态桌面是最常见的情况，这一条省得最多。
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digest = None
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if self.dedup and not force:
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try:
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thumb = image.resize((32, 18), Image.BILINEAR)
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digest = hash(thumb.tobytes())
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except Exception: # noqa: BLE001
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digest = None
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if digest is not None and digest == self._last_digest:
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self._last_size = (width, height)
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return b"", width, height
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self._last_digest = digest
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buffer = io.BytesIO()
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try:
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image.save(buffer, format="JPEG", quality=self.quality,
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optimize=False, subsampling=2)
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except Exception as exc: # noqa: BLE001
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raise ScreenError(f"JPEG 编码失败: {exc}") from exc
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self._last_size = (width, height)
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return buffer.getvalue(), width, height
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@property
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def last_size(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
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return self._last_size
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def screen_size(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
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"""原始屏幕分辨率（用于界面显示）。"""
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try:
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from PIL import ImageGrab
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image = ImageGrab.grab()
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return image.size
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except Exception:
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return (0, 0)
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class FrameStreamer:
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"""按固定帧率在后台线程推帧，供服务端广播。
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画面静止时不会傻发同样的画面（用 32x18 缩略图指纹判断），
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但每隔 HEARTBEAT 秒会强制发一帧，让客户端知道流还活着。
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"""
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# 画面没变时，最多隔这么久也要发一帧（心跳）
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HEARTBEAT = 1.5
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def __init__(self, capturer: ScreenCapturer, on_frame, on_stop=None):
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self.capturer = capturer
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self.on_frame = on_frame # on_frame(jpeg: bytes, w: int, h: int)
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self.on_stop = on_stop
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self.fps = 3.0
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self._thread: threading.Thread | None = None
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self._stop = threading.Event()
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self.frames_sent = 0
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self.last_error = ""
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self._started_at = 0.0
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# 上次真正发出帧的时间（心跳判断用）
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self._last_sent = 0.0
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@property
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def running(self) -> bool:
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return self._thread is not None and self._thread.is_alive()
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def start(self, fps: float = 3.0) -> None:
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if self.running:
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self.fps = max(0.5, min(15.0, float(fps)))
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return
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self.fps = max(0.5, min(30.0, float(fps)))
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self._stop.clear()
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self.frames_sent = 0
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self.last_error = ""
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self._started_at = time.time()
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self._thread = threading.Thread(target=self._loop, name="screen-stream",
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daemon=True)
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self._thread.start()
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def stop(self) -> None:
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self._stop.set()
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thread = self._thread
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if thread is not None and thread.is_alive():
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thread.join(timeout=3.0)
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self._thread = None
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if self.on_stop:
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try:
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self.on_stop()
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except Exception:
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pass
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def _loop(self) -> None:
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interval = 1.0 / self.fps
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# 画面静止时把采样间隔逐级拉长（最多 4 倍），省 CPU。
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# 抓屏本身就要 30ms 左右，静止时没必要一直满速抓。
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idle = 1.0
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while not self._stop.is_set():
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started = time.time()
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try:
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jpeg, width, height = self.capturer.grab_jpeg()
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except ScreenError as exc:
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self.last_error = str(exc)
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time.sleep(0.5)
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continue
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if not jpeg:
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# 画面没变（capturer 做了去重）。
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# 但不能一直不发 —— 客户端会以为流断了。
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# 所以每隔 HEARTBEAT 秒强制发一帧当心跳。
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now = time.time()
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if now - self._last_sent >= self.HEARTBEAT:
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try:
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jpeg, width, height = self.capturer.grab_jpeg(
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force=True)
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except ScreenError as exc:
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self.last_error = str(exc)
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time.sleep(0.5)
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continue
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if jpeg:
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self.frames_sent += 1
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self._last_sent = now
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idle = 1.0
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try:
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if self.on_frame(jpeg, width, height) is False:
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break
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except Exception as exc: # noqa: BLE001
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self.last_error = str(exc)
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break
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elapsed = time.time() - started
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wait = interval - elapsed
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if wait > 0:
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self._stop.wait(wait)
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continue
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idle = min(4.0, idle * 1.6)
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self._stop.wait(interval * idle)
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continue
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self._last_sent = time.time()
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idle = 1.0
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self.frames_sent += 1
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try:
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if self.on_frame(jpeg, width, height) is False:
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break # 没有观看者了，自动结束
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except Exception as exc: # noqa: BLE001
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self.last_error = str(exc)
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break
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elapsed = time.time() - started
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wait = interval - elapsed
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if wait > 0:
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self._stop.wait(wait)
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@property
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def uptime(self) -> float:
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return time.time() - self._started_at if self._started_at else 0.0
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@property
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def actual_fps(self) -> float:
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uptime = self.uptime
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return (self.frames_sent / uptime) if uptime > 0.2 else 0.0
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